Skip to main content

7 Stages of Construction

December 20, 2022

1. Pre-construction:

  • Site selection and evaluation
  • Design and planning
  • Budgeting and cost estimation
  • Permit and approval acquisition
  • Pre-construction meetings and coordination


2. Excavation and foundation:

  • Site preparation and grading
  • Excavation and foundation preparation
  • Foundation construction (e.g. poured concrete, block, or slab)


3. Structural frame:

  • Structural design and engineering
  • Steel fabrication and erection (if applicable)
  • Concrete formwork and pouring
  • Erection of beams, columns, and floors


4. Enclosure:

  • Wall framing and construction
  • Roofing and flashing installation
  • Window and door installation
  • Exterior cladding and siding installation


5. Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP):

  • HVAC system installation
  • Electrical system installation (e.g. wiring, outlets, switches)
  • Plumbing system installation (e.g. pipes, fixtures)
  • Fire protection system installation (e.g. sprinklers, alarms)


6. Finishes:

  • Interior wall finishes (e.g. drywall, plaster, paint)
  • Flooring installation (e.g. carpet, tile, wood)
  • Cabinetry and countertop installation (e.g. kitchen, bathroom)
  • Trim work and molding installation


7. Commissioning:

  • Testing and adjustment of all systems and finishes
  • Training for building occupants on how to use and maintain systems
  • Final inspections and sign-off




Again, it's important to note that the specific stages and sub-stages will vary depending on the project, and some stages may overlap or be completed in a different order.